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Tionontati Indians
of Canada
Tionontati, Signifying
according to Hewitt (in Hodge, 1910), "there the mountain stands".
Also called:
| Gens du Petun, French name, meaning "tobacco
nation," first used by Champlain (1616), on account of their
|
| |
agricultural activities. |
| Quieunontati, a slightly
different form of Tionontati, meaning "where the mountain
stands," used by some early |
| |
writers. |
| Tobacco Indians, Tobacco
Nation, popular English name. |
Connections. The Tionontati belonged to the
Iroquoian linguistic stock, being most closely connected probably
with the Huron whose designation was sometimes extended over them.
Location. In the highland south of Nottawasaga Bay, in Grey
and Simcoe Counties, Ontario. (See also
Wisconsin.)
Villages
Ehouae (mission of St. Pierre and St. Paul),
Ekarenniondi (St. Matthieu), Etarita (St. Jean), St. Andre, St.
Barthelemy, St. Jacques, St. Jacques et St. Philippe, St. Simon et
St. Jude, St. Thomas.
History. The Tionontati were first visited by Europeans, the
French, in 1616, and in 1640 the Jesuits established a mission among
them. When the Huron villages were destroyed by the Iroquois in
1648-49, many Hurons took refuge with this tribe, in consequence of
which the Iroquois turned against them, and attacked Etarita in
December 1649, during the absence of the warriors, destroying the
mission and many of the inhabitants. In consequence the Tionontati
abandoned their country and followed the fortunes of the Huron, with
whom they subsequently became amalgamated. Hewitt believed that they
are represented to a greater extent in the Wyandot of Ohio than were
the Huron proper. (See Wyandot under Ohio.)
Population. Mooney (1928) estimates that in 1600 the
Tionontati had a population of 8,000. They are no longer separable
from the Huron.
Connection in which they have become noted. The Tionontati
were noted solely for the extent to which they cultivated tobacco.
The Indian Tribes of North of America, by
John Swanton, 1953
Canadian Indians
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