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Etchaottine Indians
of Canada
Etchaottine. Significance
unknown. Also called:
Awokanak, Cree name, meaning "slaves."
Brushwood Indians, by Franklin (1823).
Slaves, Slavey, by traders by translation of the Cree term.
Connections. The Etchaottine belonged to the Athapascan
linguistic stock, their closest relatives having been, apparently,
the Kawchottine.
Location. In the valley of Mackenzie River between
Great Slave Lake and Fort Norman.
Subdivision
The following names are
mainly from Petitot (1891):
Desnedeyarelottine, on the banks of upper
Mackenzie River.
Eleidlinottine, at the confluence of Liard and Mackenzie
Rivers, their territory extending to La Martre, |
| |
Grandin, and Taché Lakes. |
Etchaottine, between Liard
River and the Divide, along Black, Beaver, and Willow
Rivers.
Etcheridiegottine, on the middle course of Liard River.
Etechesottine, between Great Slave and La Martre Lakes.
Klodesseottine, on Hay River.
Petitot speaks of another band at Fort Norman, but applies
no special name to it. |
History. Petitot (1891) states that the
Etchaottine anciently extended as far south as Lake Athabaska but
that the Cree, on obtaining guns, drove them out of that region and,
when they had taken refuge in the islands in Great Slave Lake,
pursued them thither and slaughtered many. Although it is by no
means certain that the Etchaottine ever extended as far as Lake
Athabaska (see history of the Chipewyan), they no doubt suffered,
like other Athapascan tribes of the region, from the invasion of the
Cree. In 1789 Mackenzie passed through the entire length of the
country and trading posts soon followed. They have since continued
to occupy the territory above indicated while it has gradually been
metamorphosed by the activities of the Hudson's Bay Company and the
missionaries.
Population. Mooney (1928) estimated that in 1670 there were
1,250 Etchaottine.
Connection in which they have become noted. The Etchaottine
have appeared in history principally under the name of "Slaves"
owing to the dominating position which the Cree obtained over them
and the contemptuous attitude of that tribe toward them in
consequence.
Canadian Indians
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